Showing posts with label banks. Show all posts
Showing posts with label banks. Show all posts

Monday, December 30, 2024

Poof Said for Dec. 30, 2024

Poof Said for Dec. 30, 2024

by J. A. Holmes

Posted by Steve Beckow

December 30, 2024



Thanks to Albert for keeping me posted on Poof all year round.

POOF SAID

Greetings and Salutations,

We are not going to be giving the best news tonight.

Most banks are trying to wipe out the data sheets for who gets what and why regarding all of the anticipated funds.

There are many axes getting wielded and many hands in the cookie jars all across the board, doing minimal work but paid as if they were fully vested in caring for the raging trusts and the payouts that are set up.

We do not try to keep those apart nor to monitor all of the anticipated money flows; we know you’re mostly interested in the PP programs and how that will manifest.

We do not see any energy being directed this way to release any funds for the upcoming month; it might be but if so it will come from angles we are not privy to.

You can be assured that much is coming to bear on these long awaited payouts.

Love and Kisses,

Poof

Steve Beckow

Saturday, July 22, 2023

FedNow Is LIVE and the Framework Is in Place for CBDCs

FedNow Is LIVE and the Framework Is in Place for CBDCs

By Daisy Luther

Posted on 07/22/2023





Yesterday, with a bit of fanfare but not TOO much fanfare, a “wonderful” new product was launched. FedNow is live, and we can all transfer money to our heart’s content via the Federal Reserve.

Wow, that sounds great, doesn’t it? Of course, that is a spot created by the Federal Reserve and up on the Federal Reserve YouTube channel.

FedNow is live at 35 banks.

Axios reports that 35 banks across the country are participating in the launch.

By the numbers: So far, 35 banks have signed up as early adopters of FedNow, including JPMorgan Chase and Wells Fargo, but notably not including Citigroup or Bank of America. That number is rather lower than the Fed led us to believe as recently as recently as June.

The U.S. Treasury is also signed up as an early adopter of FedNow.

Some 353 banks and credit unions have signed up for RTP.

In order to use either service, both the sending and the receiving bank need to be signed up for the system.

We are now officially on that slippery slope I’ve been talking about. I wrote about exactly this happening in my dystopian fiction, Good Citizens, and discussed how this could evolve to control almost every aspect of our lives.

Why I’m concerned that FedNow is live

A while back, I wrote an article discussing a payment gateway designed by the Federal Reserve called FedNow. This is a way to make instant transfers between accounts, sort of like PayPal or Venmo, but without the users having to move the money from various wallets.

While it sounds convenient, the concern is that this creates the infrastructure to quickly roll out CBDCs into place. Previously, I wrote about this.

On March 15th, in the midst of the banking collapses, the Federal Reserve issued a press release detailing a new instant payment system that will be launched in July. That system is called FedNow. Here’s what they said about it.

The first week of April, the Federal Reserve will begin the formal certification of participants for launch of the service. Early adopters will complete a customer testing and certification program, informed by feedback from the FedNow Pilot Program, to prepare for sending live transactions through the system.

Certification encompasses a comprehensive testing curriculum with defined expectations for operational readiness and network experience. In June, the Federal Reserve and certified participants will conduct production validation activities to confirm readiness for the July launch.

“We couldn’t be more excited about the forthcoming FedNow launch, which will enable every participating financial institution, the smallest to the largest and from all corners of the country, to offer a modern instant payment solution,” said Ken Montgomery, first vice president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston and FedNow program executive. “With the launch drawing near, we urge financial institutions and their industry partners to move full steam ahead with preparations to join the FedNow Service.”

Many early adopters have declared their intent to begin using the service in July, including a diverse mix of financial institutions of all sizes, the largest processors, and the U.S. Treasury.

This has all the hallmarks of a government strategy. First, they offer it as a “convenience” or a “safety measure.” Lots of people will jump on board in order to take advantage of this.

Of course, we’ve heard this song before.

Next, it will be pushed harder, and those who don’t adopt it will be mocked, thought of as backward, and treated with suspicion. After that, it’ll be darn near impossible to do anything without it. Sound familiar?

The Federal Reserve Banks are developing the FedNow Service to facilitate nationwide reach of instant payment services by financial institutions — regardless of size or geographic location — around the clock, every day of the year. Through financial institutions participating in the FedNow Service, businesses and individuals will be able to send and receive instant payments at any time of day, and recipients will have full access to funds immediately, giving them greater flexibility to manage their money and make time-sensitive payments. Access will be provided through the Federal Reserve’s FedLine® network, which serves more than 10,000 financial institutions directly or through their agents.

But what truly makes me worried is that since FedNow is live, this is a soft way to move us all over into using a federal money-transfer system that could easily, easily be the platform for the implementation of CBDCs, the digital dollar that could end freedom as we know it.

Please note that what we have with FedNow is NOT a CBDC. It’s just a payment gateway.

But now, the early infrastructure is in place for CBDCs.

Changing a nation’s entire currency is not an overnight project. If we were to go completely digital with our money, it would take a while. Several things would need to happen first:

  • A national financial infrastructure would need to be created that links accounts from all the banks to an information highway.
  • They’d need to get people comfortable with using this system and to do that, it would need to be fast and convenient. Who wouldn’t want their money right away? It feels like a win to sell a car and have 20K in your account instantly without waiting for the check to clear.
  • This provides some time to work out any bugs. The folks adopting FedNow would be the guinea pigs. It’s new, but everyone expects new stuff to be glitchy. If you’re getting in on the ground floor, you’re probably willing to be patient with that.
  • Next, they’ll want to get as many people voluntarily using it as possible. Expect generous offers, outrageous convenience, and free or cheap transactions.
  • Once it’s all in place and running smoothly, the final transition from cash money to digital money would just be a matter of the central bank devaluing our cash but allowing people to trade it for digital at full (or at least greater) value.

If you’ve never listened to me before, please listen to me now. This IS the road we’re on. And once CBDCs are in place, especially if they are the only option, your every transaction will be monitored, data will be mined from your spending, and your choices can be controlled.

What’s the big deal with CBDCs?

CBDC stands for Central Bank Digital Currency, and these are digital versions of a country’s currency. A digital currency alongside our current physical currency is voluntary. My concern is when that digital currency becomes the only option. And I do mean when, not if.

A digital currency could mean such controls as automatic taxation or where and when you’re allowed to make purchases – all at the push of a button. The most likely way this will be rolled out is to “fight inflation” and “fix the economy.” As per the IMF:

A world with lower inflation (and even zero inflation) and no persistent recessions may sound like a pipe dream, but we argue that it is possible by transitioning to an “electronic money standard.” Such a transition requires eliminating the zero lower bound, which central banks can achieve using readily available tools. Breaking the zero lower bound implies that the optimal rate of inflation will be lower than in the presence of the lower bound. This will empower central banks to quickly restore full employment and, over the medium term, possibly move toward targeting full price stability with zero inflation.

Obviously, any kind of manipulation like this is false, and while there may be some temporary relief, it won’t solve the underlying problems with our economy.

Bank for International Settlements wrote a glowing report about the “benefits” of the CBDC system. Here’s what I took away from this:

  • Central bankers can execute policy or modify rates instantaneously, at the push of a button.
  • Private crypto is bad.
  • Central bank digital currency is good.
  • CBDCs are better than crypto because they’re trusted.
  • CBDCs aren’t “subject to the practical limitations of paper money.” (i.e., they can be tracked.)
  • Therefore it protects against “money laundering, proliferation financing, and terrorist financing.”
  • It will increase the pool of data generated on users and transactions, thus “helping” the “proper authorities.”
  • “Multi-CBDC platforms” aids in decentralization. (i.e., a global economy)
  • On a common CBDC platform across multiple central banks, transactions are recorded on one ledger.

I don’t think it means what they’re trying to tell us it means.

What can you do?

I’ve written a lot lately about the need to get your money out of the banks. You need something of value that does not require you to dance to the tune of the government’s fiddle. Imagine if you had a savings account and the “value” of that money changed with the implementation of CBDCs. Imagine it’s worth less, say, by 20 percent.

Suddenly your $10,000 becomes $8,000. Your $100,000 loses $20K to become $80,000. It would only take a second, with the click of a button in some office up on the Mount Olympus of the Fed.

If you have savings and you want to protect your money, you need to make at least a portion of it tangible.

That means investing in:

  • Supplies like food, tools, and other long-term preps
  • Land
  • Precious metals

I’m not suggesting going out and dealing in only silver dimes if you are in a situation in which you’re living from paycheck to paycheck. If you are in those shoes like so many of us are right now, you don’t have as many options. It isn’t feasible or practical if you’re going to need this money right away for existing expenses.

But if you are trying to protect existing wealth and this is not money you’ll need to access immediately, I urge you to consider investing it into gold or silver to protect your savings during the economic downturn ahead. At the same time, getting your money out of this currency system that may soon be switched to CBDC is the only way to ensure it remains yours.

I use ITM Trading, out of Phoenix, AZ, for all of my metals purchases. I know there are plenty of good companies out there, but I prefer ITM because of their focus on education. I’ve learned so much in my consultations (which are free, btw). I’ve been very impressed with the access to curated resources, research, and weekly insights on macroeconomics, central banks, currencies, and the global reset that they provide. To me, there’s really no other option for my purchases.

If you want to schedule a strategy session with ITM, it’s absolutely free, and there is no pressure whatsoever. Some folks take weeks or months before investing, and others decide it isn’t for them. But what every single person walks away with is a clearer understanding of the monetary system and what investing in precious metals entails. And you get all of it at no charge. To schedule your own appointment, go here or call this number directly: 1-866-517-1257 – I’ll be really interested to know whether you’re as impressed as I am.

We’re all just one wrongthink away from losing our money.

Remember in Canada when Trudeau locked down accounts for supporting the trucker strike? We’re all just one wrongthink away from losing access to our money.

Another recent precedent regarding losing access to the financial system is the case of Nigel Farage. Both he and his relatives have had bank accounts closed and been unable to open other accounts because they’ve been named PEPs: Politically Exposed Persons. Farage, if you recall, was pro-Brexit. He wrote:

Writing in The Sunday Telegraph, Mr Farage, who said several other banks had denied him accounts, claimed he was the victim of over-zealous anti-money laundering regulations.

“Anti-money laundering rules appear to have been wildly over-interpreted by the compliance departments of banks in the UK,” he wrote in the Brexit-supporting newspaper.

“Nobody can deny that money laundering is a problem, he said. “Yet a series of agreements, EU directives and UK rules established to confront this menace have almost entirely failed to do so.

“Banks now live in fear of receiving huge fines. Their default setting seems to be to close down the business and personal accounts of anybody who is deemed to require extra due diligence – be they the owner of a window cleaning firm or a pawnbroker.”

He added: “Those who are paid in cash are no longer welcome; the compliance costs of servicing these accounts makes them unprofitable.”

Mr Farage initially claimed that his account with Coutts, which acts on behalf of the royal family, had been closed in an “establishment”-orchestrated revenge mission for Brexit, sparking a free speech row.

So it’s already happening. People are losing access to the system for having political beliefs that oppose the status quo that the ruling administration has in place.

I know that these two examples are outside the US, but that doesn’t provide me even a tiny little bit of comfort. I’ve already suffered massive financial abuse at the hands of government-funded censorship groups. Many others have too.

Is it really a stretch of the imagination that losing banking privileges could happen here in America, the Land of Cancel Culture? What will you do if you can no longer use a bank? How will you get and cash your paycheck? How will you pay your bills now that so many things must be done online?

When we are no longer free to vociferously disagree, we aren’t free at all.

You need a backup plan, and you need it now. FedNow is live, and I don’t believe that good things will follow.

What are your thoughts?

Are you concerned about the implementation of FedNow? Do you think that this is just a payment gateway or do you think it’s a step toward CBDCs and total financial control? What strategy are you planning to use to survive an attack on financial liberty?

Let’s talk about it in the comments section.

Daisy Luther

Source



Saturday, July 15, 2023

57 Banks and Financial Institutions Certified for FedNow Instant Payments – Fed President Admits Withdrawals Can be Limited

57 Banks and Financial Institutions Certified for FedNow Instant Payments – Fed President Admits Withdrawals Can be Limited

By Brian Shillhavy

Posted on July 12, 2022



57 “early adopter organizations” have now been certified to participate in the U.S. Federal Reserve’s FedNow instant payments program that will be rolled out later this month (July, 2023).

On June 29, 2023, the Federal Reserve announced that 57 early adopter organizations, including financial institutions and service providers, had completed formal testing and certification on the FedNow Service in advance of its launch in late July. Many of these organizations will be live when the FedNow Service launches or shortly after, with financial institutions ready to send and receive transactions and service providers ready to support transaction activity.

This group of early adopters is now performing final trial runs on the service to confirm their readiness to support live transactions over the new instant payments infrastructure. The early adopters include 41 financial institutions participating as senders, receivers and/or correspondents supporting settlement, 15 service providers processing on behalf of participants, and the U.S. Department of the Treasury.

In addition to the initial adopters, the Federal Reserve continues to work with and onboard financial institutions and service providers planning to join later in 2023 and beyond, as the initial step to growing a robust network aimed at reaching all 10,000 U.S. financial institutions. (Source.)

Here is the list of organizations that have completed certification in the FedNow Service:

Participants

  • 1st Bank Yuma
  • 1st Source Bank
  • Adyen
  • Alloya Corporate Federal Credit Union
  • Atlantic Community Bankers Bank
  • Avidia Bank
  • Bankers’ Bank of the West
  • BNY Mellon
  • Bridge Community Bank
  • Bryant Bank
  • Buffalo Federal Bank
  • Catalyst Corporate Federal Credit Union
  • Community Bankers’ Bank
  • Consumers Cooperative Credit Union
  • Corporate America Credit Union
  • Corporate One Federal Credit Union
  • Eastern Corporate Federal Credit Union
  • First Internet Bank of Indiana
  • Global Innovations Bank
  • HawaiiUSA Federal Credit Union
  • JPMorgan Chase
  • Malaga Bank
  • Mediapolis Savings Bank
  • Michigan Schools & Government Credit Union
  • Millennium Corporate Credit Union
  • Nicolet National Bank
  • North American Banking Company
  • PCBB
  • Peoples Bank
  • Pima Federal Credit Union
  • Quad City Bank & Trust
  • Salem Five Bank
  • Star One Credit Union
  • The Bankers Bank
  • United Bankers’ Bank
  • U.S. Bank
  • U.S. Century Bank
  • U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Bureau of the Fiscal Service
  • Veridian Credit Union
  • Vizo Financial Corporate Credit Union
  • Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.

Service Providers

  • ACI Worldwide Corp.
  • Alacriti
  • Aptys Solutions
  • ECS Fin Inc.
  • Finastra
  • Finzly
  • FIS
  • Fiserv Solutions, LLC
  • FPS GOLD
  • Jack Henry
  • Juniper Payments, a PSCU Company
  • Open Payment Network
  • Pidgin, Inc.
  • Temenos
  • Vertifi Software, LLC

What is FedNow?

From the source:

The FedNow Service is a new instant payment infrastructure developed by the Federal Reserve that allows financial institutions of every size across the U.S. to provide safe and efficient instant payment services.

Through financial institutions participating in the FedNow Service, businesses and individuals can send and receive instant payments in real time, around the clock, every day of the year. Financial institutions and their service providers can use the service to provide innovative instant payment services to customers, and recipients will have full access to funds immediately, allowing for greater financial flexibility when making time-sensitive payments.

The FedNow Service will be deployed in phases, with the initial launch taking place July 2023.

The video below follows a payment over the FedNow Service from start to finish, highlighting what financial institutions need to know about their role in the process.

Source.

Cleveland Federal Reserve President Loretta Mester Admits Banks Can Limit Withdrawals via FedNow to Avoid “Banking Crisis”

Cleveland Federal Reserve President Loretta Mester. Image source.

Cleveland Federal Reserve President Loretta Mester stated yesterday that the FedNow program “should help ensure financial stability should bank stress arise,” by limiting withdrawals.

Banks can manage outflow risk in Fed’s new payment service system, Mester says

Cleveland Federal Reserve President Loretta Mester said on Wednesday that the U.S. central bank’s new real-time money moving system is being designed in a way that should help ensure financial stability should bank stress arise.

Mester acknowledged concerns that FedNow, a real-time, all-hours payment system the central bank is making available to banks, could exacerbate banking troubles by facilitating fast outflows from financial institutions, in effect super-charging a potential bank run.

She said it will be up to the users of FedNow themselves to use transfer limits.

“Banks have tools they could use to mitigate large outflows of deposits,” including limiting how much money can be moved over a given period, restricting who can use the system, and firms can determine which direction money can flow in real time, Mester said in a speech to the National Bureau of Economic Research Summer Institute.

“Future releases of the FedNow Service may allow configurable transaction limits by customer type, if such limits are deemed useful,” she added. (Full article. Emphasis added.)

I wonder how the Federal Reserve is defining “customer type”?

Is the Fed Eliminating their Competition in Instant Payments with FedNow?

Last month (June, 2023), I reported how The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), an organization linked to the Federal Reserve, published a warning to consumers stating that funds held in popular online payment apps, such as Paypal, Cash App, and Venmo, lack FDIC insurance and should be transferred to “insured banks and credit unions.”

I wrote:

The Fed is basically warning you ahead of time that you are going to lose that money if you keep it there.

And sure enough, Cleveland Federal Reserve President Loretta Mester did address this issue in her update on FedNow yesterday, stating that “it may seem more efficient to have fewer rails for smaller-transaction payments.”

A Regional Fed Official Sees FedNow Consolidating Networks And Adding P2P

With the Federal Reserve’s rollout of the FedNow real-time payments service expected by the end of the month, a regional Federal Reserve Bank official on Wednesday outlined a roadmap for the new network that includes network interoperability, the possible addition of peer-to-peer payments, and, overall, the prospect of fewer payment systems overall.

While predicting that volume, particularly “time-sensitive” payments, will shift to FedNow, Mester conceded existing payments systems could play a role as alternatives to the Fed network when needed.

“In thinking about the evolution of the [established] payment rails, it may seem more efficient to have fewer rails for smaller-transaction payments, but those efficiencies need to be balanced with ensuring that the payment system has sufficient redundancy to remain resilient,” she said.

One popular consumer application for FedNow could be peer-to-peer payments, Mester said. This is a service that has already drawn major payments players like PayPal, Venmo, and Early Warnings Services LLC’s Zelle network. “Financial institutions would like to be able to use FedNow to offer person-to-person … payment services whereby customers can originate a payment using an alias such as an email address or phone number,” she noted. (Source.)

Are Mester’s comments about peer-to-peer payments a warning to existing apps like PayPal, Venmo, and others that they better link in to the new FedNow system or be eliminated?

While she added that FedNow at the start will not have a directory function needed to undergird a P2P service, there are alternative approaches, she said.

“Instead, a bank could use a private-sector directory to access routing information in order to transmit alias-based payments on FedNow,” Mester noted. “The Fed is looking at various approaches to provide alias-based payments as a way to enhance the FedNow Service in the future.” (Source.)

Is this the Beginning of the End to Private Banking?

When private banks and financial institutions, including existing payment apps, decide to become part of FedNow, will they be required to surrender all the account information of their customers doing business with them?

Yes, apparently they will, based on “Operating Circular 1 (OC 1)“, a document on the Federal Reserve website under “Rules and Regulations Resources.”

In that document, Section 6.0 deals with “FEDERAL RESERVE BANK RESPONSE PROGRAM FOR UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS TO SENSITIVE CONSUMER INFORMATION OBTAINED IN THE COURSE OF PROVIDING FINANCIAL SERVICES.”

Section 6.1, “THE RESERVE BANK’S POSSESSION AND USE OF CONSUMER INFORMATION” states:

The Reserve Banks do not hold accounts for individuals and do not provide Reserve Bank services to individuals. In the  course of providing Financial Services to Depository Institutions and other authorized users of Reserve Bank services, the  Reserve Banks obtain, store, and transmit information that includes Sensitive Consumer Information.

Under the general supervision of the Board of Governors, the Reserve Banks have implemented information security  measures designed to protect the security and confidentiality of nonpublic personal information obtained by them, to protect against any anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of such information, and to protect against  unauthorized access to or use or reuse of such information that could result in substantial harm or inconvenience to a Depository Institution’s customer.

In other words, the Fed needs all of your “Sensitive” information to protect you from “hackers.”

What is that “Sensitive Consumer Information”?

Section 6.2 defines that:

Sensitive Consumer Information means a consumer’s name, address or telephone number, in conjunction with the  consumer’s social security number, driver’s license number, account number, credit or debit card number, or a personal  identification number or password that would permit access to the consumer’s account, if the Reserve Bank or any other  party that holds Sensitive Consumer Information as an agent of the Reserve Bank obtains such information in the course of  providing Financial Services. (Source.)

How convenient. So when they are ready to roll out CBDCs and establish an account for you at the Federal Reserve, they will already know everything about you and be able to open an account for you, even if you choose not to participate, if your bank was already participating in the FedNow program.

This will save months, if not years, in trying to collect this data in order to implement CBDCs.

Enrollment in the FedNow Instant Payment program is still voluntary at this point, so NOW is the time to start asking questions of your bank or other financial institution if they are on the above list and have already been certified to participate in FedNow.

Let them know that you choose NOT to participate in any of these instant payment services that utilize FedNow, and that you do NOT consent to them handing over your account information to the Federal Reserve.

 

Brian Shillhavy

https://healthimpactnews.com/2023/are-teslas-ev-competitors-all-adopting-musks-charging-stations-by-force-so-the-government-can-track-all-evs/


Thursday, June 29, 2023

How Is the Spot Price for Gold Determined?

How Is the Spot Price for Gold Determined?

By Schiff Gold

Posted on 06/29/2023

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When you buy physical gold, the price you pay will start with the “spot price.”

As defined by Investopedia, the “spot price” is “the current price in the marketplace at which a given asset—such as a security, commodity, or currency—can be bought or sold for immediate delivery.”

So, how is the spot price for gold determined?

In simplest terms, the market determines the spot price based on supply and demand, along with many other factors.

The spot price is not set by any single individual or institution. It’s determined through market activity and the interaction of various market participants, including banks, financial institutions, dealers, and investors.

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The London Bullion Market Association (LBMA) plays a significant role in setting a benchmark for the spot price of gold. The LMBA holds a Gold Price Auction twice a day, independently administered by the ICE Benchmark Administration (IBA). The IBA provides the auction platform on which the LBMA Gold Price is calculated. The auction involves 15 authorized participants.

  • Bank of China
  • Citibank, N.A. London Branch
  • Coins ‘N Things Inc.
  • DRW Investments, LLC
  • Goldman Sachs
  • HSBC Bank USA NA
  • Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC)
  • Jane Street Global Trading, LLC
  • JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. London Branch
  • Koch Supply and Trading LP
  • Marex
  • Morgan Stanley
  • Standard Chartered Bank
  • StoneX Financial Ltd
  • Toronto-Dominion Bank

These participants submit buy and sell orders based on client interest and their own trading positions. The auction process continues until it reaches a balance between buy and sell orders, setting the price for that auction.

While the LMBA Gold Price is a significant factor in the spot price of gold, it is not the only factor. Other exchanges and marketplaces including the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), the Shanghai Gold Exchange (SGE), over-the-counter (OTC) markets, and other trading platforms influence the gold price through their trading activities. Futures contracts traded on the COMEX also impact the spot price.

Given the number of participants in the gold market and its global scope, the spot price moves continuously 24 hours a day.

More broadly speaking, here are five key factors that can impact the spot price of gold.

  1. Global supply and demand – Demand dynamics include jewelry manufacturing, investing, central bank gold purchases, and industrial offtake. On the supply side, mine production, scrap sales, and central bank gold lending or selling affect the available gold supply.
  2. Commodity Exchanges – These include the LMBA, the Tokyo Commodity Exchange, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, the Shanghai Gold Exchange, the New York Mercantile Exchange, and many others. These exchanges facilitate the trading of gold futures contracts, options, and other derivatives.
  3. Over-the-Counter (OTC) Markets – OTC markets facilitate direct transactions between buyers and sellers outside of formal exchanges. Participants in these markets include banks, bullion dealers, and institutional investors who negotiate and agree upon prices based on factors like demand, supply, and other market conditions.
  4. Economic Factors – This includes everything from economic data reports, to central bank monetary policy, to currency exchange rates. Geopolitical events can also significantly influence the spot price of gold.
  5. Individual Market Participants – Banks, financial institutions, hedge funds, central banks, and individual investors can impact the spot price through buying and selling activities.

It’s important to remember that the gold market is global and very large in trade volume. In 2021, gold ranked as the world’s seventh most-traded product, with a total trade of $434 billion. Given the size and scope of the market, no single entity can control the price completely.

Schiff Gold

https://schiffgold.com/key-gold-news/how-is-the-spot-price-for-gold-determined/